Word vs. Image. The earliest forms of writing were cunieform in Mesopotamia and hieroglyphs in Egypt. In Mesopotamia, the creation of cunieform was credited to the Goddess Nisaba . In Egypt, Seshat was the Goddess of scribes, and created hieroglyphs. Both cunieform and hieroglyphs took time to learn. They each contained hundreds of symbols and were mostly studied by "the literary elite". They were based on images. In between Egypt and Mesopotamia, scripts surfaced that were hybrids of the two forms. The peoples who lived between Egypt and Mesopotamia included Midianites, semi-nomadic camel caravaneers, Serite miners working copper quarries, Phoenician sea traders, and Canaanites with their terraced vineyards and olive groves. To the north was the land of the Assyrians, and to the south stood the fabled city of Jericho. Leonard Shlain, in The Alphabet Vs. The Goddess writes, "Wandering throughout these lands were groups of herders seeking pastures for their g
I've been rereading The Alphabet vs The Goddess , by Leonard Shlain. Published in 1998, it was inspired by a 1991 tour of ancient Greek sites led by a University of Athens professor. At every site toured in Greece, Crete, and Turkey, the professor explained how the site had originally been consecrated to a Goddess and later was repurposed for a male deity. Leonard Shlain was a brain surgeon. On the way home from his trip, he was contemplating what could have caused such a widespread cataclysmic change in human culture. He hypothesized that the development of alphabetic writing may have had enough of an effect on human brains that it moved our societies from being peaceful and Goddess focused, valuing the feminine, to being patriarchal and violent, valuing the masculine. He spent the next seven years researching and then published his national bestseller. It's a fascinating book, especially in light of recent debates over differences between male and female brains. Before